Medical Residency Application & Interview Preparation Specialists
Interviews for a Family Medicine Residency can require a breadth of knowledge and attributes. Here, we present 10 questions and answers suitable for candidates to Family Medicine Residency in the US. Further questions can be found in our Medical Residency Interview Question Bank. Â
I would screen for T2DM in an asymptomatic patient if they had a BMI equal to or over 25, or equal to or greater than 23 in those with Asian heritage, and one or more of the following risk factors:
– physical inactivity
– first degree relative with diabetesÂ
– high-risk race/ethnic group
– women who delivered a baby weighing more than 9 pounds or were diagnosed with gestational diabetes
– If they have hypertension
– If they have conditions associated with insulin resistance, like acanthosis nigricans or polycystic ovarian syndrome
– If they have a history of cardiovascular disease
One might find a barrel chest, with the anteroposterior diameter increased due to air trapping secondary to incomplete expiration. On percussion the chest might be hyper-resonant, and on auscultation one might find distant breath sounds due to hyperinflation and air trapping. There may also be poor air movement, wheezing, and coarse crackles.Â
I would consider an FEV1/FVC ratio of <0.7 as being diagnostic of COPD. We might also categorise the degree of impairment as mild, moderate, severe or very severe depending on the FEV1; an FEV1 of >80% would indicate mild impairment, whilst <80% is moderate, <50% is severe, and <30% is very severe.Â
Techniques, Tutorials & Past Medical Residency Interview Questions & Model Answers
One to One Support With A Residency Specialist. Optimise Your Preparation; Secure Your First Choice Residency.
Tips, Techniques & Insight from Residency Interviewers & Current Residents.
In gout we would find needle negative birefringent crystals (urate crystals). It’s important to differentiate these from the rhomboid positively birefringent crystals that we would find in pseudogout. The typical presentation of acute gout is a single swollen joint, which is erythematous and painful. Typically the joint involved is the metatarsophalangeal joint at the base of the big toe.
The most common causes of pancreatitis in the US are gallstones and alcohol. Overall, the causes of pancreatitis are as follows:
– idiopathic
– gallstones
– ethanol
– trauma
– steroids
– mumps or malignancy
– autoimmune disease
– scorpion stings
– hypertriglyceridemia/Hypercalcaemia
– endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
– drugs (azathioprine, thiazides, septrin, tetracyclines)
This is remembered by generations of medical students as ‘I GET SMASHED’, of course.
Risk factors include smoking, obesity, being male, and increasing age.
The categorisation of AF is as follows:
– Paroxysmal: here, episodes last more than 30 seconds but less than 7 days and are self-terminating but recurrent.
– Persistent: here, episodes may last less than or more than seven days, but require electrical or chemical cardioversion to be terminated.
– Permanent: here, episodes will not terminate with cardioversion, or may terminate but relapse within 24 hours. Longstanding AF of more than one year, where cardioversion has not been attempted, would also fall into this category. Two conditions which can lead to AF are hypertension and mitral regurgitation; they cause the atria to stretch, which in turn changes their electrical properties, thus increasing the substrate for AF.
Tailor and optimise your Medical Residency Application with our 1-1 Residency Specialists or prepare in your own time with our Medical Residency Online Course & Question Bank
I would provide him with aspirin and diamorphine. This patient is likely suffering an acute MI, which requires both the provision of aspirin and adequate pain relief – in this case a slow intravenous injection of diamorphine. The mechanism of action of aspirin is largely due to a decreased production of prostaglandins and TXA2, which is a result of the irreversible inactivation of COX (cyclooxygenase). Aspirin acts as an acetylating agent, with an acetyl group covalently bonding a serine residue in the COX enzyme’s active site.Â
The most likely diagnosis is osteoporosis. A patient who has replacement levothyroxine needs to be monitored regularly to make sure that the dose is correct. If the patient’s dose is too high, osteoporosis can result, making this the most likely diagnosis. Osteoporosis is a progressive, systemic skeletal disorder. It is characterised by disruption of bone microarchitecture and loss of bone tissue. This leads to bone fragility and thus an increased risk of fracture. It is especially associated with postmenopausal women.Â
I would provide oral prednisolone as a next step. A short course of prednisolone is suitable for an acute exacerbation of asthma. The dose would be 40-50 mg once daily for 5 days.
The most likely diagnosis is a migraine. The visual aura and nausea are both typical of migraine. We need to consider that migraine can occur without a headache, as is likely the case here. The diagnosis is made all the more likely by the patient’s age, and the fact that the visual symptoms are short-lived.
Medical Residency Online Course & Question Bank
Articles & Resources
